Piping is governed by International Codes and Standards. Which codes and standards to be referred for a given projects depends on client preferences and local regulations. Here is a list of some of the international codes and standards followed widely world over.
List of ASME B31 Codes
B31 Code for pressure piping, developed by American Society of Mechanical Engineers – ASME, covers Power Piping, Fuel Gas Piping, Process Piping, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids, Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components and Building Services Piping. ASME B31 was earlier known as ANSI B31. Here is a list of standards covered under ASME B31.
| Sr. | Number | Title |
| 1 | B31.1 | Power Piping |
| 2 | B31.2 | Fuel Gas Piping |
| 3 | B31.3 | Process Piping |
| 4 | B31.4 | Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids. |
| 5 | B31.5 | Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components. |
| 6 | B31.8 | Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems. |
| 7 | B31.8S | Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines. |
| 8 | B31.9 | Building Services Piping. |
| 9 | B31.11 | Slurry Transportation Piping Systems. |
| 10 | B31.12 | Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines. |
| 11 | B31G | Manual for Determining Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines. |
ASME Dimensional Standards
To ensure compatibility of piping fittings manufactured by various manufacturers globally, American Society of Mechanical Engineers has devised dimensional standards for various piping fittings. These are the most used dimensional standards in word for piping. They cover various fittings like pipes, tees, elbows, reducers, flanges, crosses and many other fittings. Here is a comprehensive list of such piping dimensional standards.
| Sr. | Number | Title |
| 1 | B1.20.1 | Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) |
| 2 | B1.20.3 | Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch) |
| 3 | B16.1 | Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 25, 125, and 250 |
| 4 | B16.3 | Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings: Classes 150 and 300 |
| 5 | B16.4 | Gray Iron Threaded Fittings: Classes 125 and 250 |
| 6 | B16.5 | Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 Through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard |
| 7 | B16.9 | Factory-Made Wrought Buttwelding Fittings |
| 8 | B16.10 | Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves |
| 9 | B16.11 | Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded |
| 10 | B16.12 | Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings |
| 11 | B16.14 | Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts With Pipe Threads |
| 12 | B16.20 | Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound, and Jacketed |
| 13 | B16.21 | Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges |
| 14 | B16.25 | Buttwelding Ends |
| 15 | B16.28 | Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns |
| 16 | B16.34 | Valves : Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End |
| 17 | B16.36 | Orifice Flanges |
| 18 | B16.38 | Large Metallic Valves for Gas Distribution (Manually Operated, NPS 21/2 to 12, 125 psig Maximum) |
| 19 | B16.39 | Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions |
| 20 | B16.42 | Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300 |
| 21 | B16.47 | Large Diameter Steel Flanges (NPS 26 Through NPS 60) |
| 22 | B16.48 | Steel Line Blanks |
| 23 | B36.10 | Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe |
| 24 | B36.19 | Stainless Steel Pipe |
List of MSS Dimensional Standards
The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry, national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals. Here is a list of standards devised by this Institute.
| Sr. | Number | Title |
| 1 | MSS-SP-6 | Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings |
| 2 | MSS-SP-9 | Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges |
| 3 | MSS-SP-25 | Standard Marking Systems for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions |
| 4 | MSS-SP-42 | Class 150 (PN 20) Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves With Flanged and Butt Weld Ends |
| 5 | MSS-SP-43 | Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings Including Reference to Other Corrosion Resistant Materials |
| 6 | MSS-SP-44 | Steel Pipe Line Flanges |
| 7 | MSS-SP-45 | Bypass and Drain Connections |
| 8 | MSS-SP-51 | Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Flanges and Cast Flanged Fittings |
| 9 | MSS-SP-58 | Pipe Hangers and Supports |
| 10 | MSS-SP-65 | High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets |
| 11 | MSS-SP-69 | Pipe Hangers and Suports |
| 12 | MSS-SP-70 | Cast Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends |
| 13 | MSS-SP-71 | Gray Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends |
| 14 | MSS-SP-72 | Ball Valves With Flanged or Buttwelding Ends for General Service |
| 15 | MSS-SP-75 | Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings |
| 16 | MSS-SP-79 | Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts |
| 17 | MSS-SP-81 | Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged, Knife Gate Valves |
| 18 | MSS-SP-83 | Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded |
| 19 | MSS-SP-85 | Gray Iron Globe and Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends |
| 20 | MSS-SP-88 | Diaphragm Type Valves |
| 21 | MSS-SP-95 | Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs |
| 22 | MSS-SP-97 | Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings |
List of ASTM Materials for Pipes
Americal Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has researched and defined various material standards for oil and gas industry. Properties of these materials depend on chemical properties of fluids to be handled, design temperatures and pressure as well of method of manufacture of pipe fittings. Pipes in oil and gas industry are made either with seamless process or using plates and welding process. Here is a list of such ASTM Standard materials designed for manufacture of pipes by seamless and welding process.
| Sr. | Number | Title |
| 1 | A-53 | Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe |
| 2 | A-106 | Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service |
| 3 | A-120 | 81ack and Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for Ordinary Uses |
| 4 | A-134 | Electric Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Plate Pipe (Sizes 16 in. and Over) |
| 5 | A-135 | Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe |
| 6 | A-139 | Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Plate Pipe (Sizes 4 in. and Over) |
| 7 | A-155 | Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service |
| 8 | A-211 | Spiral-Welded Steel or Iron Pipe |
| 9 | A-312 | Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe |
| 10 | A-333 | Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low Temperature Service |
| 11 | A-335 | Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service |
| 12 | A-358 | Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service |
| 13 | A-369 | Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and 80red Pipe for High Temperature Service |
| 14 | A-376 | Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station Service |
| 15 | A-381 | Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Transmission Systems |
| 16 | A-405 | Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe Specially Heat Treated for High Temperature Service |
| 17 | A-523 | Plain End Seamless and Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe for High Pressure Pipe-Type Cable Circuits |
| 18 | A-524 | Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Process Piping |
| 19 | A-530 | General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe |
| 20 | API-5L | Line Pipe |
| 21 | API-5LX | High-Test Line Pipe |
| 22 | API-5LS | Spiral Weld Line Pipe |
List of ASTM Materials for Buttwelding Fittings
Americal Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has researched and defined various material standards for oil and gas industry. Properties of these materials depend on chemical properties of fluids to be handled, design temperatures and pressure as well of method of manufacture of pipe fittings. Many piping fittings like buttweld fittings are made by working them through various stretching and pressing operations. Here is a list of such materials for wrought steel buttwelding fittings.
| Sr. | Number | Title |
| 1 | A234 | Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service. |
| 2 | A420 | Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service. |
| 3 | A403 | Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings. |
